The FBI Denver field office is warning online users about a growing cyber threat involving free document converter tools — a scam that could expose victims to malware, identity theft, and even ransomware attacks.
Cybercriminals are exploiting the popularity of these free online converters, which are typically used to change file formats like PDFs, Word documents, or images. While the tools perform as promised, many are secretly laced with malware that can infect users’ computers once the converted file is downloaded.
In its latest alert, the FBI describes how these seemingly harmless tools are being weaponized to harvest sensitive personal information, including Social Security numbers, banking details, cryptocurrency wallets, email addresses, and login credentials.
“This is a classic example of cybercriminals preying on convenience,” said FBI Denver Special Agent in Charge Mark Michalek. “By disguising malware inside a tool people use every day, scammers gain unfettered access to victims’ devices and personal data without their knowledge.”
How the Document Converter Malware Scam Works
The document converter malware scam operates by allowing users to upload a file and receive a downloadable version in the desired format. However, the resulting file often contains hidden malware designed to:
- Steal personal and financial information
- Gain remote control of the infected device
- Deploy ransomware attacks, locking victims out of their own files
In many cases, victims have no idea they’ve been compromised until their identity is stolen or their financial accounts drained. The malware can remain dormant, quietly scraping information and monitoring activity until threat actors decide to strike.
FBI’s Advice: How to Protect Yourself
The FBI emphasizes education and awareness as the first lines of defense against these fraudsters. Users are strongly advised to:
- Avoid using free online document converters or downloaders from unknown websites
- Keep antivirus and anti-malware software updated
- Always scan downloaded files before opening
- Monitor financial accounts closely for suspicious activity
- Change passwords immediately if you believe your system may have been compromised — and do so from a trusted device
“If you or someone you know has fallen victim to this scam, don’t stay silent,” Michalek urged. “Report the incident and take swift action to protect your personal assets.”
The FBI also recommends victims contact their banks, credit card companies, or crypto platforms immediately if sensitive financial data may have been exposed.
As cyber threats continue to evolve, staying vigilant is key. Scammers are constantly looking for new ways to exploit simple online tasks — and the document converter malware scam is the latest reminder that even the most routine web tools can hide dangerous traps.
